しっくいモルタルの種類、組成および技術的性能

漆喰工事とは、下地層を保護し、美観を高め、建物に特別な機能を与える、下地材の表面に漆喰モルタルを塗る工法を漆喰プロジェクトといいます。左官工事には2つの主要な機能があります。1つは、風、雨、雪の浸食から壁を保護し、湿気、天候、熱を防ぐ能力を高め、壁の耐久性と熱性能を向上させる保護機能です。; 二つ目は、機能を美しくし、室内の衛生状態を改善することです。空気を浄化し、環境を美しくし、生活の快適さを向上させます。

しっくい作業は通常、一般的なしっくいと装飾的なしっくいに分けられます。しっくいモルタルの種類は、しっくいモルタルのさまざまな機能に応じて、一般的なしっくいモルタル、装飾的なしっくいモルタル、および特殊なしっくいモルタルに分けられます。さまざまな製造方法に応じて、現場での混合石膏モルタルと生混合石膏モルタルに分けられます。

モルタルのしっくい is composed of cementitious materials, and commonly used cementitious materials include cement, lime, polymer, and construction gypsum. Both cement and general-purpose Portland cement can be used to prepare mortar. The choice of cement type is related to the use of mortar. Generally, the strength requirements for plastering mortar are not very high, and generally the medium strength grade cement can meet the requirements. The strength of the plastering mortar should not exceed the two strength levels of the base material. The inner and outer walls of the facing bricks, the strength of the middle-layer plastering mortar shall not be lower than M15, and the cement plastering mortar is preferred. Clogging the side seams of doors and windows, scaffold eyes, and holes. Window sills and balconies should use M15, M2D cement mortar. The cement strength grade used for cement mortar should not be greater than 32.5; the cement strength grade used for cement mixed mortar should not be greater than 42 . Level 5. If the cement strength level is too high, shrinkage cracks will occur, which can be properly blended to avoid cracks.

特別な薄層左官モルタル

ライム

Lime, in order to improve the workability of the mortar and save cement, an appropriate amount of lime is often beaten in the mortar. Lime includes quicklime and slaked lime (namely slaked lime). Two methods are commonly used for slaked lime on construction sites: slaked lime slurry method and slaked lime powder method. Depending on the amount of water added, lime can be matured into slaked lime powder or lime paste. The theoretical water requirement of lime slaked is 3zI e of the weight of lime in the quicklime. Evenly add water to obtain slaked lime powder with fine particles and uniform dispersion. If aging with excessive water, a lime paste with a certain consistency will be obtained. Lime paste has good water retention. If it is added to cement mortar and mixed into a mixed mortar, the workability of the mortar can be significantly improved. Lime generally contains overfire lime. Overfire lime slaked slowly, if it occurs after the lime slurry hardens Maturation will cause swelling and cracking due to the expansion caused by maturation.

In order to eliminate this hazard of overfired lime, the lime should be slaked. It should be “Chen Fu” about a week. During the hardening process, lime will evaporate a lot of water, causing significant shrinkage of the volume. Prone to shrinkage cracks.

Therefore, lime should not be used alone. Generally, it should be mixed with sand, paper tendons, hemp knives and other materials. In order to reduce shrinkage and increase tensile strength, lime should not be used in long-term damp and water-soaked environments. In many special occasions, polymer can be used as the cementing material of mortar to make polymer mortar.

ナノ無機アクティブ断熱モルタル

Polymer mortar

The so-called polymer cement mortar refers to a new type of building material in which a polymer adhesive is added to the cement mortar to greatly improve the performance of the mortar. The polymer cement is used as an organic bonding material and the cement or mortar in the mortar. Inorganic bonding materials such as gypsum are perfectly combined to greatly improve the bonding strength of the mortar and the base layer, the deformability of the mortar, that is, the flexibility, and the cohesive strength of the mortar.

The type and penetration of the polymer largely determines the performance of the polymer cement mortar. Changed the technical and economic performance of traditional mortar. At present, various types of polymer mortars with excellent performance have been developed.

Building plaster

Building gypsum is also called dihydrate gypsum, and building azurite can be obtained by heating natural dihydrate gypsum under the piece. Compared with other cementitious materials, building gypsum has the following characteristics: fast setting and hardening. After the building gypsum is mixed with water, the slurry begins to lose its plasticity within a few minutes. The plasticity is completely lost within 3 minutes to produce strength. The volume expands when it sets and hardens. Gypsum slurry will produce micro-expansion in the initial stage of setting and hardening. This property makes the surface of gypsum products smooth, delicate, accurate in size, full body, and good in decoration.

Many decorative ornaments and decorative lines in architectural decoration projects take advantage of this feature, and building gypsum is widely used, with large porosity and low volume density. When building gypsum is mixed and hydrated. Large olive capillary pores are formed inside the building gypsum products, so the thermal conductivity is small, and the sound absorption is good. It is a light-weight insulation material. Has a certain temperature and humidity control performance.

ドライセメントモルタル(組積造、しっくい、地盤)

石膏製品の毛細管細孔は、空気中の水蒸気を強く吸着する能力があるため、室内の湿度に一定の調整効果があり、耐火性、耐水性、不浸透性、耐霜性に優れています。モルタルの調製に最も一般的に使用される細骨材はヘラン砂です。砂は、コンクリート砂の技術的性能要件を満たす必要があります。モルタル層は比較的薄いため、砂の最大粒度を制限する必要があります。理論的には、モルタル層の厚さを超えてはならない場合は、中程度の砂を選択し、最大粒子サイズを大きくしてはなりません。砂の厚さは、セメントの投与量、作業性、強度、モルタルの収縮に大きな影響を与えます。

水混合モルタルとコンクリート混合の要件は同じです。どちらも「コンクリート水基準」IJGJ混合物を満たす必要があります。生モルタルと硬化モルタルのさまざまな特性を改善したり、モルタルにいくつかの特別な特性を与えるために、モルタルに混合して適切な量を加えることがよくあります。例えば、モルタルの作業性を改善し、モルタルの耐亀裂性、耐霜性、および保温性を改善するために、マイクロ発泡剤および減水剤などの添加剤を混合することができる。モルタルの防水性と不浸透性を高めるために、防水剤などを浸透させることができます。モルタルの断熱性能を高めるために、空気連行剤を加えてモルタルの気孔率を高めることができます。

Fiber is a polymer that undergoes certain mechanical processing (traction, Lape shaping, etc.) to form fine and soft filaments to form fibers. Fiber has the characteristics of large elastic modulus, small deformation when subjected to force, and high strength. Fibers are generally divided into natural fibers, man-made fibers and synthetic fibers. The old hemp rope is beaten with a hemp machine or bamboo sticks into a flocculent hemp ball called hemp knife. Use rice straw, wheat straw or fiber material to process it into a paddle, called paper tendons.

ガラス繊維は、形状と長さによって、連続繊維、固定長繊維、グラスウールに分けられます。ガラスの組成に応じて、非子供、耐薬品性、高子供、中アルカリ、高強度、高弾性率、耐アルカリ性ガラス繊維などに分類できます。繊維技術と建設技術の組み合わせは、ひび割れ防止、不浸透性、耐衝撃性、耐屈曲性を備え、建設プロジェクトの品質を向上させます。ひび割れ防止モルタルは、ポリマーモルタルに繊維を追加することです。